Arduino – dein Start in die Mikrocontroller-Welt
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Arduino boards – an introduction
Arduino boards are microcontroller-based development platforms used for electronics projects, prototyping and embedded control systems. They are designed to simplify the interaction between software and hardware and are widely used in education, research and product development.
Arduino boards do not use an operating system. Instead, a single program runs directly on the microcontroller, enabling deterministic timing and reliable control of sensors, actuators and other electronic components.
Typical applications include learning projects, automation tasks, robotics, measurement systems and Internet of Things applications.
How Arduino boards work
An Arduino board is programmed via USB using the Arduino IDE or compatible tools. The compiled sketch is written to flash memory and starts automatically when the board is powered.
Inputs such as sensors or switches are connected through analog and digital pins. Outputs such as LEDs, relays or motors are controlled directly via these pins or through additional driver circuits.
Standard communication interfaces like I²C, SPI and UART allow connection of displays, memory modules and expansion boards.
Our most popular Arduino models compared
| Image | Model | Flash memory | Digital I/O | Analog inputs | Connectivity | Typical use cases | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Arduino Uno R4 Minima | 256 KB | 14 | 6 | USB, Analog & Digital I/O | Learning projects, control systems, prototyping | to product |
 |
Arduino Uno R4 WiFi | 256 KB | 14 | 6 | USB, WiFi, Bluetooth, Analog & Digital I/O | IoT projects, networked applications | to product |
 |
Arduino Nano 33 IoT | 256 KB | 14 | 8 | USB, WiFi, Bluetooth, Analog & Digital I/O | IoT applications, connected sensors, compact systems | to product |
 |
Arduino Nano Every | 48 KB | 14 | 8 | USB, Analog & Digital I/O | Compact projects, breadboards, general prototyping | to product |
 |
Arduino Micro | 32 KB | 20 | 12 | USB, Analog & Digital I/O | USB HID projects, compact controllers | to product |
 |
Arduino Mega 2560 | 256 KB | 54 | 16 | USB, Analog & Digital I/O | Large projects, robotics, applications with many peripherals | to product |
Choosing the right Arduino for your project
Boards in the Uno form factor are commonly used for education, prototyping and general-purpose control tasks. Compact designs like the Nano series are suitable for space-constrained projects and breadboard setups.
If a project requires a large number of inputs and outputs, the Arduino Mega 2560 provides extended connectivity and is often used in robotics and complex automation systems.
